References:Abelson, R. P. (1981). Psychological status of the script concept. American Psychologist, 36, 715-729. Anderson, D R., Levin, S. R. (1976). Young children's attention to Sesame Street. Child Development, 47, 806-811. Baddeley, A. D., & Wilkins, A. J. (1984). Taking memory out of the
laboratory. In J. E. Harris & P. E. Morris (Eds.), Everyday
Memory Actions
and Absent-Mindedness ( Baddeley, M. R., & Crowder, R. G. (1989). The bankruptcy of everyday memory. American Psychologist, 44, 1185-1193. Barrett, T. R., & Wright, M. (1981). Age-related facilitation in recall following semantic processing. Journal of Gerontology, 36, 194-199. Bartlett, F. C. (1932). Remembering ( Baxter, J. S. (1990). The suggestibility of child witnesses: A review. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 4, 393-407. Beech, B. H. (1983, January 31). Out of the mouths of babes. Time, p. 53. Bekerian, D. A, & Bowers, J. M. (1983). Eyewitness testimony: Were we misled? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, & Cognition, 9, 139-145. Binet, A. (1900). La suggestibilite'. Paris: Schleicher Freres. Binet, A (1911). Le bilan de la psychologie en 1910. Anne'e Psychologie, 17, 5-11. Bjorklund, D. F. (1987). How age changes in knowledge base contribute to the development of children's memory: An interpretive review. Developmental Review, 7, 93-130. Brown, A L. (1973). Judgments of recency for long sequences of pictures: The absence of a developmental trend. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 15, 473-481. Brown, A. L. (1976). Semantic integration in children's construction of narrative sequences. Cognitive Psychology, 8, 247-262. Brown, A. L. (1979). Theories of memory and the problem of
development:
Activity, growth, and knowledge. In L. Cermak & F. I. M. Craik (Eds.), Levels
of Processing
in Memory ( Buckhout, R. (1974). Eyewitness testimony. Scientific American, 231, 23-31. Bureau of Justice Statistics (1983). Report to the nation on crime and justice: The data (NCJ -87068). Rockville, MD: National Criminal Justice Reference Service. Case, R. (1984). Intellectual Development: A Systematic Reinterpretation. New York: Academic. Ceci, S. J., & Bronfenbrenner, U. (1985). "Don't forget to take the cupcakes out of the oven": Prospective memory, strategic time-monitoring, and context. Child Development, 56, 152-164. Ceci, S. J., & Bronfenbrenner, U. (1991). On the demise of everyday memory: "The rumors of my death are much exaggerated" (Mark Twain). American Psychologist, 44, 27-31. Ceci, S. J., Ross, D. F., & Toglia, M P. (1987). Suggestibility of children's memory: Psychological implications. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 116, 38-49. Chi, M. T. H. (1976). Short-term memory limitations in children: Capacity or processing deficits? Memory & Cognition, 4, 559-572. Chi, M. T. H. (1978). Knowledge structures and memory development. In R. Siegler
(Ed.), Children's Thinking: What Develops? ( Chi, M. T. H. (1983). Trends in Memory Development Research ( Christiaansen, R. E., & Ochalek, K. (1983). Editing misleading information from memory: Evidence for the coexistence of original and post-event information. Memory & Cognition, 11, 467-475. Clarke-Stewart, A, Thompson, W., & Lepore, S. J. (1989, April). Manipulating children's interpretations through interrogation. Paper presented at the biennial meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Kansas City, MO. Cohen, R. L., & Harnick, M. A. (1980). The susceptibility of child witnesses to suggestion. Law and Human Behavior, 4, 201-210. Cohen, S., Evans, G. W., Stokols, D., & Krantz, D. (1986). Behavior,
Health,
and Environmental Stress ( Cole, C. B.,& Loftus, E. F. (1987).The memory of children. In S. J. Ceci, M. P.
Toglia, & D. F. Ross (Eds.), Children's Eyewitness Memory
( Conway, M. A. (1991). In defense of everyday memory. American Psychologist, 44, 19-26. Deffenbacher, K. (1983). The influence of arousal on reliability of
testimony. In B. R. Clifford & S. M. A. Lloyd-Bostock (Eds.), Evaluating
Witness Evidence ( DeFrancis, V. (1969). Protecting the child victim of sex crimes committed by adults: Final report. Denver, CO: The American Humane Association. Children's Division. Dent, H. R. (1978). Interviewing child witnesses. In M. M. Gruneberg, P. E.
Morris, & R. N. Sykes (Eds.), Practical Aspects of Memory ( Dent, H. R., & Stephenson, G. M. (1979). An experimental study of the effectiveness of different techniques of questioning child witnesses. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 18, 41-51. de Young, M. (1986). A conceptual model for judging the truthfulness of a young child's allegation of sexual abuse. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 56, 550-559. Dodd, D. H., & Bradshaw, J. M.(1980). Leading questions and memory: Pragmatic constraints. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 19, 695-704. Duncan, E. M., Whitney, P., & Kunen, S. (1982). Integration of visual and verbal information in children's memories. Child Development, 53, 1215-1223. Finkelhor, D. (1984). Child Sexual Abuse ( Finkelhor, D., & Browne, A. (1985). The traumatic impact of child sexual abuse: A conceptualization. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 55, 530-541. Finkelhor, D., & Hotaling, G. T. (1984). Sexual abuse in the national incidence study of child abuse and neglect: An appraisal. Child Abuse & Neglect, 8, 23-33. Fivush, R. (in press). Developmental perspectives on autobiographical recall. In G. S. Goodman & B. L. Bottoms (Eds.), Understanding and Improving Children's Testimony. Guilford Press. Flavell, J. H., Flavell, R. R., & Green, F. L. (1987). Young children's knowledge about the apparent-real and pretend-real distinctions. Developmental Psychology, 23, 816-822. Foley, M. A., & Johnson, M. K, (1985). Confusions between memories for performed and imagined actions: A developmental comparison. Child Development, 56, 1145-1155. Foley, M. A., Johnson, M. K., & Rahe, C. L. (1983). Age-related changes in confusions between memories for thoughts and memories for speech. Child Development, 54, 51-60. Freud, S. (1922). Beyond the Pleasure Principle ( Gelles, R. I, & Cornell, C. P. (1985). Intimate Violence
in Families ( Gibbens, T. C. N., & Prince, J. (1963). Child Victims of Sex Offenses. London: The Institute for the Study and Treatment of Delinquency. Goodman, G. S. (in press). On stress and accuracy in research
on children's testimony. In J. L. Doris (Ed.), The Suggestibility of
Children's Recollections ( Goodman, G. S., Aman, C., & Hirschman, J. (1987). Child
sexual and physical abuse: Children's testimony. In S. J. Ceci, M P. Toglia, &
D. F. Ross (Eds.), Children's Eyewitness Memory
( Goodman, G. S., & Reed, R. S. (1986). Age differences in eyewitness testimony. Law and Human Behavior, 10, 317-332. Goodman, G. S., Rudy, L, Bottoms, B. L, & Aman, C. (1990). Children's memory and children's concerns: Issues of ecological validity in the study of children's eyewitness testimony. In R. Fivush & L. A. Hudson (Eds.), What Young Children Remember and Know (pp. 249-284). New York: Cambridge University Press. Green, A. H. (1986). True and false allegations of sexual abuse in child custody disputes. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 25, 440-456. Guttentag, R. E. (1985). Memory and aging: Implications for theories of memory development during childhood. Developmental Review, 5, 56-82. Hamond, N. R., & Fivush, R. (1990). Memories of Mickey Mouse: Young children recount their trip to Disneyworld. Manuscript submitted for publication. Hughes, M., & Grieve, R. (1980). On asking children bizarre questions. First Language, 1, 149-160. Johnson, M. K.,& Foley, M. A(1984). Differentiating fact from fantasy: The reliability of children's memory. Journal of Social Issues, 40, 33-50. Jones, D. C., Swift, D. I, & Johnson, M. A. (1988). Nondeliberate memory for a novelty event among preschoolers. Developmental Psychology, 24, 641-645. Kail, R. (1984). The Development of Memory in Children ( King, M A., & Yuille, J. C. (1986). An investigation of children's eyewitness abilities. Unpublished manuscript. University of British Columbia. King, M. A., & Yuille, J. C. (1987). Suggestibility and the child witness. In
S. J. Ceci, M. P. Toglia, & D. F. Ross (Eds.), Children's
Eyewitness Memory
( Kobasigawa, A. (1974). Utilization of retrieval cues by children in recall. Child Development, 45, 127-134. Kohlberg, L. (1969). Stage and sequence: The cognitive developmental approach to socialization. In D. Goslin
(Ed.), Handbook
of Socialization Theory and Research ( Laurino, M. (1988, December). Custody wars: Morns held hostage. Ms., pp. 89-95. Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1986). Stress, Appraisal and Coping
( Leippe, M. L., Brigham, J. C., Cousins, C., & Romanczyk, A.
(1989). The opinions and practices of criminal attorneys regarding child
eyewitnesses: A survey. In S. J. Ceci, D. F. Ross, & M. P. Toglia (Eds.), Perspectives
on Children's Testimony ( Lindberg, M. A.(1980).Is knowledge base development a necessary and sufficient condition for memory development? Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 10, 401-410. Lindsay, D. S., & Johnson, M. K. (1987). Reality
monitoring and suggestibility: Children's ability to discriminate among memories
from different sources. In S. J. Ceci, M. P. Toglia, & D. F. Ross (Eds.), Children's Eyewitness Memory
( List, J. A. (1986). Age and schematic differences in the reliability of eyewitness testimony. Developmental Psychology, 22, 50-57. Loftus, E. (1979). Eyewitness Testimony ( Loftus, E. F. (1984). Expert testimony on the eyewitness. In G. L Wells & E. F. Loftus (Eds.), Eyewitness Testimony. London: Cambridge University Press. Loftus, E. F., & Davies, G. M. (1984). Distortions in the memory of children. Journal of Social Issues, 40, 51-67. Loftus, E. F., & Loftus, G. (1980). On the permanence of stored information in the human brain. American Psychologist, 35, 409-420. Lottan, S. (1967). The ability of children to distinguish between the "make believe" and the "real" in children's literature. Journal of Educational Thought, 1, 25-33. Lucariello, J., & Nelson, K. (1985). Slot-filler categories as memory organizers For young children. Developmental Psychology, 21, 272-282. Mandler, J. M. (1979). Categorical and schematic organization in memory. In C.
R. Puff (Ed.), Memory Organization and Structure ( Mandler, J. M. (1983). Representation. In J. H. Flavell & E. M.
Markham (Eds.), Handbook
of Child Psychology. Vol. 3: Cognitive Development ( Mandler, J. M.,& Johnson, N. S. (l977). Remembrance of things parsed: Story structure and recall. Cognitive Psychology, 9, 111-151. Mandler, J. M., & Ritchey, G. H. (1977). Long-term memory for pictures. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 3, 386-396. Marin, V. B., Holmes, D. L, Guth, M., & Kovac, R. (1979).The potential of children as witnesses: A comparison of children and adults on eyewitness tasks. Law and Human Behavior, 3, 295-305. Marple, C. H. (1933). Comparative susceptibility of three age levels to suggestion. Journal of Social Psychology, 4, 176-184. McCarty, D. G. (1929). Psychology for the Lawyer ( McCloskey, M., & Zaragoza, M. (1985). Misleading postevent information and memory for events: Arguments and evidence against memory impairment hypotheses. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 114, 1-16. Melton, G. B., & Thompson, R. A. (1987). Getting out of a rut: Detours to less
traveled paths in child-witness research. In S. J. Ceci, M. P. Toglia, & D. F.
Ross (Eds.), Children's Eyewitness Memory
( Messerschmidt, R. (1933). The suggestibility of boys and girls between the ages of six and sixteen years. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 43, 422-437. Morison, P., & Gardner, H. (1978). Dragons and dinosaurs: The child's capacity to differentiate fantasy from reality. Child Development, 49, 642-648. Moston, S. (1990). How children interpret and respond to questions: Situational sources of suggestibility in eyewitness interviews. Social Behavior, 5, 155-167. Murray, S. (1983). The effect of post-event information on children's memory for an illustrated story. Unpublished paper, Aberdeen University, Scotland. Myles-Worsley, M., Cromer, C. C., & Dodd, D. H. (1986). Children's preschool script reconstruction: Reliance on general knowledge as memory fades. Developmental Psychology, 22, 22-30. Neisser, U. (1976). Cognition and Reality ( Neisser, U.
(1982). Memory Observed: Remembering in Natural Contexts ( Nelson, K., Fivush, R., Hudson, J., & Lucariello, J. (1983).
Scripts and
the development of memory. In M. T. H Chi (Ed.), Trends in Memory
Development ( Ochsner, J. E., & Zaragoza, M. S. (1988). The accuracy and suggestibility of children's memory for neutral and criminal eyewitness events. Paper presented at the American Psychology and Law Meetings, Miami, FL. Parker, J. F,& Carranza, IL. E. (1989).Eyewitness testimony of children in target-present and target-absent lineups. Law and Human Behavior, 13, 133-148. Parker, J. F., Haverfield, E., & Baker-Thomas, S. (1986). Eyewitness testimony of children. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 16, 287-302. Pear, T., & Wyatt, S. (1914). The testimony of normal and mentally defective children. British Journal of Psychology, 3, 388-419. Perlmutter, M. (Ed.) (1980). New Directions in Child Development: Children's
Memory ( Perlmutter, M. (1984). Continuities and discontinuities in early human memory
paradigms, processes, and performance. In R. Hail & N.E. Spear (Eds.),
Comparative Perspectives on the Development of Memory
( Perlmutter, M., & Meyers, N. A. (1974). Recognition memory development in 2- to 4-year-olds. Developmental Psychology, 10, 447-450. Perlmutter, M., & Meyers, N. A. (1975). Young children's coding and storage of visual and verbal material. Child Development, 46, 215-219. Perlmutter, M., & Meyers, N. A (1976). Recognition memory in preschool children. Developmental Psychology, 12, 271-272. Peters, D. P. (in press a). The influence of stress and arousal on the child
witness. In J. L. Doris (Ed.), The Suggestibility of Children's
Recollections ( Peters, D. P. (in press b). Rebuttal to Goodman. In J. L. Doris (Ed.),
The Suggestibility of Children's Recollections ( Piaget, J.
(1928). Judgment and Reasoning in the Child ( Piaget, J. (1929). Child's Conception of the World ( Pillemer, D., & White, S. H. (1989). Childhood events recalled by children and adults. In H. W. Reese (Ed.), Advances in Child Development, Vol. 22. New York: Academic. Pynoos, R. S., & Eth, S. (1984).The child as witness to homicide. Journal of Social Issues, 40, 87-108. Rabinowitz, M., Valentine, K. M., & Mandler, J. M. (1981, September). A developmental comparison of inferential processing: When adults don't always know best. Paper presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Association, Los Angeles, CA. Ratner, H. H., Smith, B. S., & Dion, S. A. (1986). Development of memory for events. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 41, 411-428. Renninger, K. A., & Wozniak, R. H. (1985). Effect of interest on attentional shift, recognition, and recall in young children. Developmental Psychology, 21, 624-632. Richman, C. L., Nida, S., & Pittman, L. (1976). Effects of meaningfulness on child free-recall learning. Developmental Psychology, 12, 460-465. Ritter, K., Kaprove, B. H., Fitch, J. P., & Flavell, J. (1973). The development of retrieval strategies in young children. Cognitive Psychology, 5, 310-321. Roediger, H. L. (1991). They read an article? A commentary on the everyday memory controversy. American Psychologist, 44, 7-40. Russell, D. E. H. (1983). The incidence and prevalence of intrafamilial and extrafamilial sexual abuse of female children. Child Abuse & Neglect, 7, 133-146. Saywitz, K. J. (1987). Children's testimony: Age-related patterns of memory errors. In S. J. Ceci, M. P. Toglia, & D. F. Ross (Eds.),
Children's Eyewitness Memory
( Scarlett, W. G., & Wolf, D. (1979). When it's only make-believe: The construction of a boundary between fantasy and reality in storytelling. New Directions for Child Development, 6, 29-40. Scholnick, E. K., & Wing, C. S. (1988). Knowing when you don't know: Developmental and situational considerations. Developmental Psychology, 24, 190-196. Shank, R. C., & Abelson, R. (1977). Scripts, Plans, Goals, and
Understanding ( Sheridan, R. (1990). The false child molestation outbreak in the 1980s: An explanation of the cases arising in the divorce court. Issues in Child Abuse Accusations, 2(3), 146-151. Smiley, S., Oakley, D., Worthen, D., Campione, J., & Brown, A. (1977). Recall of thematically relevant material by adolescent good and poor readers as a function of written versus oral presentation. Journal of Educational Psychology, 69, 381-387. Stem, L. W. (1910). Abstracts of lectures on the psychology of testimony and on the study of individuality. American Journal of Psychology, 21, 270-282. Stern, L. W. (1939).The psychology of testimony. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 34, 3-20. Suski, L. B. (1986). Child sexual abuse: An increasingly important part of child protective service practice. Protecting Children, 3, 3-7. Taylor, B. J.,& Howell, R. J. (1973).The ability of three-, four-,and five-year-old children to distinguish fantasy from reality. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 122, 315-318. Terr, L. C. (1979). Children of Chowchilla: A study of psychic trauma. The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 34, 547-623. Terr, L. C. (1981). Psychic trauma in children: observations following the Chowchilla school-bus kidnapping. American Journal of Psychiatry, 138, 14-19. Terr, L. C. (1983). Chowchilla revisited: The effects of psychic trauma four years after a school-bus kidnapping. American Journal of Psychiatry, 140, 1543-1550. Thomas, R. V. (1956). The problem of the child witness. Wyoming Law Review, 10, 214-222. Todd, C. M,, & Perlmutter, M. (1980). Reality recalled by preschool
children. In M. Perlmutter (Ed.), New Directions in Child Development: Children's
Memory ( Tulving, E. (1991). Memory research is not a zero sum game. American Psychologist, 44, 41-42. Varendonck:, J. (1911). les temoignages d'engants dans un proces retentissant. Archives de Psychologie, 11, 129-171. Wakefield, H., & Underwager, R. (1990). Personality characteristics of parents making false accusations of sexual abuse in custody disputes. Issues in Child Abuse Accusations 2(3), 121-136. Wares, D. (January 27, 1989). Teacher cleared of fondling charges. Orange County Register. Wares, D.,& Grimaldi, J. V. (January 28,1989). Prosecutor didn't know of 'troublemakers'. Orange County Register. Warnick, D. H., & Sanders, G. S (1980). Why do eyewitnesses make so many mistakes? Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 10, 362-367. Weinberg, H, L, Wadsworth, J., & Baron, R. S. (1983). Demand and the impact of leading questions on eyewitness testimony. Memory & Cognition, 11, 101-104. Weinstein, J. B. (1978). Evidence (Vol. 3) ( Wells, G. L., & Loftus, E. F. (1984). Eyewitness research: Then and now. In G. L Wells & W. G. Loftus (Eds.), Eyewitness Testimony. New York: Cambridge University Press. Werner, H. (1961). Comparative Psychology of Mental Development ( Whipple, G. M. (1909). The observer as reporter: A survey of the psychology of testimony. Psychological Bulletin, 6, 153-170. Whipple, G. M (1911). The psychology of testimony. Psychological Bulletin, 8, 107-109. Whipple, G. M. (1912). Psychology and testimony and report. Psychological Bulletin, 9, 264-269. Whitcomb, D., Shapiro, E., Stellwagen, L. (1985). When the Victim is a Child:
Issues for Judges and Prosecutors ( Wideman, J. C. (1990). Investigative Procedures in Allegations of Child Sexual Abuse. Part II: Victim and Subject Interviews. Issues in Child Abuse Accusations, 2(1), 7-14. Yarmey, A. D., & Jones, H. P. T. (1983). Is the psychology of
eyewitness identification a matter of common sense? In B. R. Clifford & S. M. A. Lloyd-Bostok
(Eds.), Evaluating Witness Evidence ( Yuille, J. C., Cutshall, J. L., & King, M. A. (1986). Age-related chances in eyewitness account and photo-identification. Unpublished manuscript: University of British Columbia. Zaragoza, M. S. (1987). Memory, suggestibility, and eyewitness testimony in
children and adults. In S. J. Ceci, M. P. Toglia, & D. F. Ross (Eds.),
Children's Eyewitness Memory
( Zaragoza, M. S., McCloskey, M, & Jamis, M. (1987). Misleading postevent information and recall of the original event: Further evidence against the memory impairment hypothesis. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 13, 36-44. |
